{"id":4813,"date":"2025-12-30T17:25:51","date_gmt":"2025-12-30T17:25:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?page_id=4813"},"modified":"2025-12-30T17:25:52","modified_gmt":"2025-12-30T17:25:52","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b9%d9%88%d9%86-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?page_id=4813","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__list has-dates wp-block-latest-posts\"><li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4825\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-31T17:14:37+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 31, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4783\">\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:45:46+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4781\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:43:16+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4779\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8221; \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:41:56+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4777\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u00a0&#8220;\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:39:31+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4775\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 &#8221; \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0634\u0646\u062f\u064a&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:38:00+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4773\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0641\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0628- \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:15:00+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4771\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:05:48+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4769\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 &#8221; \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:03:48+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4767\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T16:01:55+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4765\">\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 &#8221; \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T15:58:12+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4763\">\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T15:55:56+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4761\">\u0641\u064e\u0646\u064f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u062f\u0650\u064a\u062d\u0650 \u0641\u0650\u064a \u062f\u0650\u064a\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627\u0633\u064e\u0629\u0650 \u0644\u0650\u0623\u064e\u0628\u0650\u064a \u062a\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0645 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0648\u064e\u0627\u0639\u064f \u0648\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a &#8220;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T15:52:34+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4759\">\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629\u00a0<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T15:49:11+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-title\" href=\"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4757\">The Impact of Macroeconomic Instability in Iraq on Iraqi Exports to Turkey &#8220;Exchange Rates, Inflation Rates, and Import&#8221;<\/a><time datetime=\"2025-12-30T14:01:30+00:00\" class=\"wp-block-latest-posts__post-date\">\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025<\/time><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 31, 2025 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 30, 2025 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 &#8221; 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