{"id":2269,"date":"2022-10-30T12:08:11","date_gmt":"2022-10-30T12:08:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=2269"},"modified":"2022-10-30T12:08:12","modified_gmt":"2022-10-30T12:08:12","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=2269","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 1978 \u2013 1979\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 ."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 , \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646) , \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 1979\u0645 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 . \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0646 .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 , \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 , \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f , \u0646\u0641\u0637 , \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u062a , \u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong> &#8211; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628<\/strong> . <\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1YBpii4-ziFOSsPj4MKXh5-ZullbIrpbD\/view?usp=sharing\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\">5<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>( <span class=\"taq-count\">1<\/span> \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a)<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"100\" data-id=\"2269\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:100%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 , \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646) , \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2269","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-73"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2269"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2269\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2270,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2269\/revisions\/2270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2269"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2269"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}