{"id":3523,"date":"2024-09-30T06:48:19","date_gmt":"2024-09-30T06:48:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=3523"},"modified":"2024-09-30T06:48:20","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T06:48:20","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a9-%d9%82%d9%84%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ad-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=3523","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (62) \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 ( \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u060c \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 ) \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 (18\u060c26\u060c18) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644  \u0648\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a  \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629  \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u063a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f. \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647<\/strong>
Tarik Ghazi Raja
\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f – \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a<\/strong><\/td>		\u062f. \u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0631<\/strong>
Rafi husien asfour
\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f – \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a <\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 – \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 – \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0632\u064a\u062a – \u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 – \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637<\/strong><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t

\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t
<\/i>\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t
<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u060c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[126],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3523","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3523"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3523\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3524,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3523\/revisions\/3524"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3523"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3523"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3523"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}