{"id":3640,"date":"2024-10-30T12:03:09","date_gmt":"2024-10-30T12:03:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=3640"},"modified":"2024-10-30T12:03:10","modified_gmt":"2024-10-30T12:03:10","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%af%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%84-%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=3640","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629: \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064d\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1991 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2003\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0650\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0629\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u064d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064d \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u064e\u0651\u062a\u064e\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064f\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064d \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u064d \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064d \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064f\u0637\u0631\u064d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 (\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650\u0646\u064a\u064e\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062f\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0650\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&nbsp;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\">The Middle East suffers from ongoing competition among multiple hegemonic powers, preventing the stabilization of any single hegemon. This competition perpetuates a state of constant armed conflicts, both direct and indirect, which characterizes much of the contemporary history of the region. The period from 1991 to 2003, marked by stable American hegemony, is an exception. However, history has since reverted to a chaotic structure, with a regional balance of power misaligned with the capabilities of the states.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\">This study examines the primary competition between two main hegemonic powers: the United States and Iran, along with their allied regional powers. Both parties employ a range of hegemonic tools, from direct-armed confrontation to the use of proxies and militias, which intensifies the competition in areas such as Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, Yemen, and Libya. The study also addresses the utilization of sectarian conflict between Sunnis and Shiites as a tool of soft power transformed into hard power (sectarian warfare) in hegemonic struggles, emphasizing that the conflict is one of political influence rather than religious difference.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\">Before adopting the framework of multifaceted hegemonic competition, the research explores various theoretical frameworks to assess their applicability to Middle Eastern conflicts. The study anticipates that multifaceted hegemonic competition will continue to dominate the Middle East in the foreseeable (and possibly mid-term) future, stressing the importance of addressing structural issues such as corruption, state failure, and non-governmental groups. It highlights the necessity of establishing permanent arrangements to achieve regional stability and notes that Israeli efforts to undermine Iranian hegemony could exacerbate interconnected and costly conflicts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> Hegemonic stability, chaos, strategic void, balance of power, United States, Iran, Middle East, regionalism, imperialism, regional cold war.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dr. ABD ALQADER NANAA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1ySaMPaTEXlG3VW4VBQTOomUqEn79Cb0G\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"3640\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064d \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064d\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u064d \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064d \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1991 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2003\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[128],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3640"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3640\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3641,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3640\/revisions\/3641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3640"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}