{"id":3767,"date":"2024-12-29T17:24:11","date_gmt":"2024-12-29T17:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=3767"},"modified":"2024-12-29T17:24:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-29T17:24:12","slug":"%d8%a5%d8%ab%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=3767","title":{"rendered":"\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 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\u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (4) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 (3) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 2001\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b: \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\">Writing is considered the strongest and most important means of proof, as it has occupied an increased position as the most important means and methods of proof in the current and modern era; due to the guarantees it provides that are not provided by other methods of proof, so the legislator has paid attention to it in various legislations, including Palestinian legislation, as it has made it a basic tool of proof so that it is suitable for proving all material facts and legal actions, whatever the value of the right to be proven and whatever the value of this right, and this is due to the strength factors that distinguish it from other methods and means of proof, and this study aims mainly to shed light on the mechanism of proving official written documents in light of the provisions of Palestinian legislation, and the importance of the study is highlighted in light of the widespread crime of forgery of official documents, while the importance of the practical study is highlighted in that it has not received wide attention from researchers, in addition to the scarcity of legal studies on the extent to which the Palestinian legislator has addressed the rules of technical expertise procedures in proving a claim of written forgery. This study discusses the main problem represented in the extent to which the Palestinian legislation texts organize the rules governing the proof of official written documents. To achieve the purpose of the study, the researchers followed the analytical approach, where they analyzed the legal texts regulating the methods of proof, especially the proof of official written documents, by examining the Evidence Law No. (4) of 2001, and the Palestinian Criminal Procedure Law No. (3) of 2001, and analyzing the content and substance of those legal texts that directly or indirectly addressed provisions and issues related to the subject of the study, in addition to analyzing the statements and opinions presented by scholars and specialized researchers in their study of aspects of this subject. During the evaluation process, the researchers will analyze the grounds and texts of the laws related to the subject of the research from all aspects. As a result, the researchers divided the study into four sections: In the first section, they discussed the nature of proof, while in the second section they discussed the methods of proof, while in the third section they presented the nature of written documents, and finally, in the fourth section, they explained the conditions that must be met in official written documents<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Keywords: Official written documents, methods of proof, law of evidence, forgery.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0647<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Saleh S. Alsamna<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Prof.Wan Abdul fattah bin Wan Ismail<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1iGXeNkqVEFG7MFhQPGU_nvhrV2HAuKT1\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"3767\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061b \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0635\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[130],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-130"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3768,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3767\/revisions\/3768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}