{"id":4234,"date":"2025-05-31T16:33:45","date_gmt":"2025-05-31T16:33:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4234"},"modified":"2025-05-31T16:33:46","modified_gmt":"2025-05-31T16:33:46","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%b5%d9%8a%d8%b5-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%82%d9%88%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4234","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644\u00a0 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b&#8221;.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><br>This study examines the jurisprudential (<em>fiqh<\/em>) classification of funds disbursed after the death of a participant in family <em>takaful<\/em> contracts, addressing whether such funds constitute an inheritance estate subject to inheritance laws (<em>m<\/em><em>\u012b<\/em><em>r<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>th<\/em>), or a conditional gift (<em>hibah mashr<\/em><em>\u016b\u1e6d<\/em><em>ah<\/em>) or cooperative grant excluded from the estate. It focuses on the permissibility of designating a specific heir as a beneficiary in light of the legal maxim: &#8220;No bequest to an heir&#8221; (<em>l<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em> wa<\/em><em>\u1e63<\/em><em>iyya li-w<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>rith<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The research adopts a comparative analytical methodology rooted in juristic principles (<em>ta\u2019<\/em><em>\u1e63\u012b<\/em><em>l<\/em><em>\u012b<\/em>), combining:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An inductive survey of classical and contemporary juristic (<em>u<\/em><em>\u1e63\u016b<\/em><em>l<\/em><em>\u012b<\/em>) texts,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An analysis of modern contractual models in <em>takaful<\/em>,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An evaluation of international practices,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">And actionable procedural recommendations for Islamic insurance companies and windows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study concludes that funds from the donation pool (<em>\u1e63<\/em><em>und<\/em><em>\u016b<\/em><em>q al-tabarru<\/em><em>\u02bf\u0101<\/em><em>t<\/em>) do not form part of the estate and may be allocated to heirs, whereas savings account funds (<em>\u1e25<\/em><em>is<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>b al-i<\/em><em>\u1e25<\/em><em>tik<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>r<\/em>) are considered part of the estate; thus, designating an heir as a beneficiary is impermissible without unanimous consent (<em>ij<\/em><em>\u0101<\/em><em>zah<\/em>), unless reclassified as a conditional gift contingent on the participant\u2019s death with constructive possession (<em>qab<\/em><em>\u1e0d<\/em><em> <\/em><em>\u1e25<\/em><em>ukm<\/em><em>\u012b<\/em>). The research proposes documentary and regulatory solutions, drawing on models from Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and other jurisdictions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0636\u0648\u0645<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Dr. Mohammed Anwar Qadoum<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0633&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1IU_XtY0glP6ntvU_0JZz6z-knyqi9Li5\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4234\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b&#8221;. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[140],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4234","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4234","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4234"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4235,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4234\/revisions\/4235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}