{"id":4263,"date":"2025-05-31T19:47:13","date_gmt":"2025-05-31T19:47:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4263"},"modified":"2025-05-31T19:47:14","modified_gmt":"2025-05-31T19:47:14","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ab%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4263","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 &#8221; \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c Panel Data \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629(1985-2021\u0645)&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 (1985-2021\u0645). \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a. \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u061b \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;Banks play a vital role in the national economy through the dual role they play in accumulating, savings and accepting them in the form of deposits of different terms and various savings vessels on the one hand. On the other hand, banks employ a large part of these deposits and savings in the form of credit facilities and loans that benefit, all sectors of the national economy to finance their multiple operations. So this study came with the aim of knowing the impact of bank credit in economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries in the period (1985-2021).This study used the methodology of panel data with the three models of aggregate regression, static effects, and random effects. And the estimates of the fixed effects model were the best for the study. The study found a positive relationship between bank credit and economic growth in sub-Saharan African countries, and a causal relationship from one direction in terms of economic growth to bank credit. The study recommends that governments in sub-Saharan Africa expand the size of African banks, develop them, and improve their internal environment to enable them to increase their assets and capital, particularly in rural areas. It also recommends spreading banking awareness, facilitating financing procedures, and directing credit to several sectors to avoid the problem of non-performing loans. It also recommends improving bank performance and banking stability to leverage modern technology in financial and banking services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords: bank credit\u061b economic growth\u061blongitudinal panel data.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u062f.\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Ali Ahmed Ali Faraj Allh<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Dr: Adel Edrees Mohammed Ali<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c\u060c\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td><td>\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0644\u0627 &#8211; \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/17mN8O79LEs8S_FiR6adJaMHRwr4LT-83\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4263\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: &nbsp;\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[141],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4263","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4263"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4264,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4263\/revisions\/4264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}