{"id":4442,"date":"2025-07-31T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T09:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4442"},"modified":"2025-07-31T09:37:02","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T09:37:02","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4442","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u20132024. \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: <strong>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 (<\/strong><strong>Cd<\/strong><strong>)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 (<\/strong><strong>Pb<\/strong><strong>)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 (<\/strong><strong>Zn<\/strong><strong>)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (<\/strong><strong>Fe<\/strong><strong>)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (<\/strong><strong>WHO<\/strong><strong>).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study aims to evaluate the water quality of springs and surface groundwater sources in the Al Qubah region and its surroundings in eastern Libya, given their significance as a primary source of drinking, domestic, and agricultural water. The study covered seven main springs, with water samples collected during the summer and winter seasons of 2023\u20132024. The analysis focused on measuring the concentrations of selected heavy metals (iron, zinc, lead, cadmium) using spectrometric techniques, alongside statistical analysis to identify seasonal and spatial variations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The results indicated that iron concentrations exceeded the permissible limit in some samples during the summer season, while zinc remained within acceptable levels but showed higher concentrations in winter. Significant exceedances of lead and cadmium were also observed, particularly in summer, suggesting potential contamination from industrial or agricultural sources. Statistical analysis revealed significant seasonal differences in the concentrations of some studied elements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These findings underscore the need for continuous monitoring and improved water management practices in the region to protect public health and ensure the sustainability of freshwater resources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong>:<strong>Water quality; springs and groundwater; heavy metals; cadmium (Cd); lead (Pb); zinc (Zn); iron (Fe); seasonal variation; statistical analysis; Al Qubah \u2013 Libya; karst aquifers; World Health Organization (WHO)<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/td><td>\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;Abdul Qader Mohammed Saleh Bojadeda<\/td><td>Abdelkader Saeed Mohamed Akhneifer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/td><td>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1rjpVDPYdY_ToG2dvn13hPYKypife7Lwq\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4442\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: &nbsp;\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c 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