{"id":4444,"date":"2025-07-31T09:39:24","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T09:39:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4444"},"modified":"2025-07-31T09:39:25","modified_gmt":"2025-07-31T09:39:25","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%86%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%85%d8%ad-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4444","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> <strong>\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Salinity is one of the problems that hinder agricultural production. Statistics show that saline-affected lands constitute about half of the total agricultural lands. In Libya in particular, saline soils make up a large proportion of the agricultural land area. The effects of salinity lead to changes in the nature and porosity of the soil. Calcium sulfate salts, in the form of gypsum, are added to growth media suffering from increased concentrations of sodium chloride. Agricultural gypsum is a primary and essential source of soluble calcium used for the reclamation and improvement of saline and alkaline soils. It helps prevent the deterioration of saline soil properties during the reclamation process and is characterized by being free of toxic heavy metals. It also contains a high percentage of sulfur in an organic form that is beneficial to plants. Moreover, the addition of agricultural gypsum as a source of soluble calcium in the soil helps remove harmful sodium ions. Creating a good salt balance in the soil through the dissolution of salts improves the soil&#8217;s physical properties by increasing aeration, porosity, and permeability. It breaks down lime and soda aggregates, which facilitates the absorption of nutrients by plant roots. Calcium plays a key role in protecting plant cells from the effects of salt stress. It acts as a secondary messenger within plant cells exposed to salt stress, as the concentration of calcium ions in the cytoplasm increases once the cell is exposed to external stress. The release of calcium signals in the cell triggers different reactions depending on the type of stimulus the cell is exposed to, and this release relies on calcium transport pumps located in cell membranes.<strong>Keywords: Wheat plant, Calcium signaling, Salt stress, Sodium chloride, Agricultural gypsum<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0631<\/strong><br> <strong>Mona Abdou Omar<\/strong> <br>\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<br><\/td><td><strong>\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/strong><br> <strong>Asma Ibrahim Abdesalam<\/strong><br> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<br><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0642<br> Huda Salem Alrawiq<br> \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627<br><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1QfrWRM86IYbuKj9rlIUQu3ItbC08eb17\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4444\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0636. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0628\u0633 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4444","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4444"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4444\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4445,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4444\/revisions\/4445"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4444"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4444"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4444"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}