{"id":4529,"date":"2025-08-31T08:32:17","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T08:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4529"},"modified":"2025-08-31T08:32:18","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T08:32:18","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae%d9%8a-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b1%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7-1890-1993","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4529","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 (1890-1993) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1890 \u06481993 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Eritrean issue between 1890 and 1993 stands as one of the most significant historical cases in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea occupied a strategically important location on the Red Sea coast\u2014an area with considerable political and geostrategic influence on both regional and global maps. The roots of this issue trace back to Italian colonial activity in Eritrea in the late 19th century, where Italian influence played a decisive role in shaping the country&#8217;s historical trajectory. Italy faced numerous internal challenges, such as limited natural resources\u2014particularly coal and poor agricultural soil\u2014as well as social problems like unemployment and migration. Nevertheless, it sought to compensate for its late entry into colonial competition, compared to other European powers, by strengthening its presence in the Red Sea region.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords: HistoricalDevelopment, Eritrea, Italian Colonialism, Independence.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0645.\u062f. \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Huda Jumaah Zeyad<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629- \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1EsExB1_wBbYr94VVRI-Y-TYg3K_FNo5J\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4529\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1890 \u06481993 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 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\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[148],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4529","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4529"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4530,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4529\/revisions\/4530"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4529"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4529"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}