{"id":4616,"date":"2025-09-30T20:45:56","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T20:45:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4616"},"modified":"2025-09-30T20:45:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-30T20:45:58","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%85-%d8%b0%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b5%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4616","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 (\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629)\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0639\u0648\u062b \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This research addressed the topic of punishment for crimes committed by those with diplomatic immunity in Islamic jurisprudence. It aimed to clarify the concept, origin, and legitimacy of diplomacy, and to study the jurisprudential classification of diplomatic immunity and the punishment of members of the diplomatic corps in Islamic jurisprudence if they commit a crime. This was done using the descriptive method, with assistance from the inductive and deductive methods. The research included the concept, origin, and legitimacy of diplomacy, and also focused on studying the jurisprudential classification of diplomatic immunity and clarifying the punishment for crimes committed by members of the diplomatic corps in Islamic jurisprudence. Among the conclusions reached by the research are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; Jurists differed regarding crimes committed by those with immunity concerning the rights of God, such as Hudud punishments. I lean towards the opinion of those who advocate for applying Hudud punishments to envoys who commit Hudud crimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; The jurisprudential classification of diplomatic immunity is based on the theory of representative capacity and the requirements of the function. This achieves the purpose of sending messengers and members of diplomatic missions, which is consistent with international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; I favor the opinion of punishing members of the diplomatic corps if they commit a crime that warrants punishment (loss of immunity); because this is consistent with the reality that the envoy&#8217;s stay is permanent, and it achieves the objectives of punishment, and it is consistent with what is practiced in international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researcher recommends:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; Islamic countries adopt the application of Islamic jurisprudence in international relations; because it is consistent with international law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; Lifting immunity from any international envoy who does not adhere to public order in Islamic countries, and holding them accountable for crimes committed by them, whether against individuals or society.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords: Diplomatic immunity, punishment, crimes, Islamic jurisprudence<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>&nbsp;Dr. Marwan Ibrahim Talab Abhais<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647- \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/19hlScg_RWDs640r3WiXea_fndHGLLOEU\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4616\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635: \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 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&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4616","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----2"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4616","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4616"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4616\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4617,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4616\/revisions\/4617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4616"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4616"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4616"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}