{"id":4683,"date":"2025-10-29T19:46:59","date_gmt":"2025-10-29T19:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4683"},"modified":"2025-10-29T19:47:00","modified_gmt":"2025-10-29T19:47:00","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4683","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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Abstract: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 There is no doubt that the Kingdom of Kanem was inhabited by human elements of diverse races and colors, indicating its importance and ancient standing in Africa. Therefore, we find that the Islamic Kanem Empire is considered part of the greater Sudanese region, which extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Red Sea in the east. As books and historians also mention, the land of Kanem is part of West Africa, occupying its central section near Lake Chad. This state was inhabited by many human elements that varied in shapes, colors, and languages\u2014some existing before Islam, and others arriving with the true religion, which came from North Africa. Among the most important human elements in the Kanem state, these groups played a significant role in the history of this state, and we will rely on both foreign and Arab sources in narrating them. One of the most important of these groups are the (Sao), one of the main tribes that inhabited the Islamic Kanem region, specifically around Lake Chad. However, researchers and excavators have not yet determined the origin of the Sao. Some have suggested that the Sao are not indigenous to the African continent but come from abroad, possibly from Northern Europe or the lands of the Mongols, specifically the Anatolia region in Asia. And among the supporters of this is the English historian David Son, who went in this direction in his book “Ancient Africa Anew.”
Also Pila: (Kanembo) which holds a prestigious position among those tribes that have strong foundations in that kingdom, as will be discussed in the research.
Keywords<\/strong>: human elements – state – Kanem – Sudan – central.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0640 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><\/table><\/figure>\n\r\n\t\t
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<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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