{"id":4862,"date":"2026-01-31T10:06:11","date_gmt":"2026-01-31T10:06:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu-university.net\/?p=4862"},"modified":"2026-01-31T10:06:12","modified_gmt":"2026-01-31T10:06:12","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ab%d9%80%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%80%d8%aa%d9%80%d9%80%d8%a8%d9%80%d9%80%d9%80%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%85%d9%80%d9%81%d9%80%d9%80%d9%87%d9%80%d9%80%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%80%d9%80%d8%b4%d9%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=4862","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0631 \u062e\u0640\u0644\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644\u00a0&#8220;\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642&#8221;\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0649 \u0647\u0640\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0650\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u0646\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0640\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0643\u0640\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0640\u0640\u064a: &#8220;<strong>\u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0631 \u062e\u0640\u0644\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642<\/strong> \u0640<strong>\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/strong>&#8220;\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0629: &#8220;\u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0640\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0645 \u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0648\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0637&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0640\u0643\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0640\u0640\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0640\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0650\u0641\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0629.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0640\u0640\u0642\u0640\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0646\u0640\u0638\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0636\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0640\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0640\u0627 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0640\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0640\u0644\u0640\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0646\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u064a\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635\u0640\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0640\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0640\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0640\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0643\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u060c &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a\u0652 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u064a\u0640\u0645\u0640\u062a\u0627\u0632\u064f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0640\u0629 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u0646\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0631&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0643\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0629<\/strong>:<strong> \u0623\u062b\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0634\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0645\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u064a\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0635\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0642 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study seeks to examine a highly significant issue related to one of the most prominent features of the juristic methodology adopted by Im\u0101m Khal\u012bl ibn Is\u1e25\u0101q in his work al-Mukhta\u1e63ar, namely: the impact of considering the concept of condition (maf\u1e25\u016bm al-shar\u1e6d) in Khal\u012bl\u2019s Mukhta\u1e63ar: an analytical reading of issues of option (khiy\u0101r), dowry (\u1e63ad\u0101q), and divorce (\u1e6dal\u0101q). This investigation is grounded in Khal\u012bl\u2019s statement in the introduction to his book: \u201cAmong the implied meanings, I consider only the concept of condition.\u201d The study selects issues of khiy\u0101r, \u1e63ad\u0101q, and \u1e6dal\u0101q within the chapter on marriage (al-nik\u0101\u1e25) as a representative model through which the effect of adopting this specific type of implied meaning is examined. Accordingly, the research aims to analyze the impact of considering the concept of condition through the selected examples.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first section presents the theoretical framework of the study, including a definition of the concept of condition, its classifications, and selected insights from the discussions of u\u1e63\u016bl al-fiqh scholars, with particular attention to their (disagreement) regarding its probative authority. The second section addresses the applied dimension of the topic by examining the selected models drawn from issues of khiy\u0101r, \u1e63ad\u0101q, and \u1e6dal\u0101q.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The study concludes that Khal\u012bl\u2019s reliance on the concept of condition, to the exclusion of other implied meanings, has had a profound impact throughout the chapters of al-Mukhta\u1e63ar, whether in matters related to marriage or in other legal domains. It also concludes that the author is distinguished by methodological rigor and complete precision in adhering to the approach he set out in the introduction to al-Mukhta\u1e63ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> <strong>consideration of implied meanings; concept of condition; Khal<\/strong><strong>\u012b<\/strong><strong>l\u2019s Mukhta<\/strong><strong>\u1e63<\/strong><strong>ar; juristic analysis; issues of khiy<\/strong><strong>\u0101<\/strong><strong>r; issues of <\/strong><strong>\u1e63<\/strong><strong>ad<\/strong><strong>\u0101<\/strong><strong>q; issues of <\/strong><strong>\u1e6d<\/strong><strong>al<\/strong><strong>\u0101<\/strong><strong>q<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f \u0639\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0640\u0640\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dr. Mohamed Aly Ahmed El Varough<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0640\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0640\u0648\u0644\u0640\u0647 \u0628\u0643\u0640\u0644\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0640\u0631\u064a\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0640\u064a\u064f\u0640\u0648\u0646 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0645\u0640\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0627\u0646\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1ZcG-8RgLg6RRqRxjZVuF1A4-_PhKpZaO\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"4862\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635: \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0649 \u0647\u0640\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0640\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0640\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0633\u0650\u0640\u0645\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u0646\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0640\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0643\u0640\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0635\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0640\u0640\u064a: &#8220;\u0623\u062b\u0640\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0640\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0634\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u062e\u0640\u062a\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0631 \u062e\u0640\u0644\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0640\u062d\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0640\u0640\u064a\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0629 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0645\u0640\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0626\u0640\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u062e\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0635\u0640\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0637\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640&#8220;\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0640\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0640\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0629: &#8220;\u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0631\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0645\u064e\u0640\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0640\u064a\u0640\u0645 \u0645\u0640\u0641\u0640\u0647\u0640\u0648\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0634\u064e\u0651\u0640\u0640\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u0640\u0642\u0640\u0637&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[158],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category----1-2026"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4863,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4862\/revisions\/4863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}