{"id":5180,"date":"2026-08-01T02:35:58","date_gmt":"2026-08-01T02:35:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=5180"},"modified":"2026-08-01T02:35:59","modified_gmt":"2026-08-01T02:35:59","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%8a%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%86%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a5%d9%84%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=5180","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 (ACR) \u0643\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Abstract <\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hypertension is one of the major global health challenges and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conventional kidney function biomarkers, such as serum urea and creatinine, are limited in their ability to detect renal impairment during the early stages of kidney damage. Therefore, this study aimed to predict early kidney damage using more sensitive biomarkers, particularly the urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR). The study included 125 participants recruited from attendees of Qira General Hospital and Al-Etqan Laboratory in the Wadi Al-Shati region, comprising 91 patients with hypertension and 34 healthy controls of both sexes, aged 30\u201365 years. Anthropometric measurements were obtained, and biochemical analyses were performed, including serum urea, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, serum electrolytes, urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The results demonstrated statistically significant differences between hypertensive patients and healthy controls in age, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure (P &lt; 0.001). Hypertensive patients also exhibited significantly higher ACR and serum uric acid levels, together with significantly lower eGFR values (P &lt; 0.001). In addition, a significant difference was observed in serum potassium levels (P = 0.045), whereas no significant differences were found in the remaining biochemical parameters. Classification of patients according to ACR revealed that 75.8% were in Stage 1, 24.2% were in Stage 2, and no participants were classified in Stage 3. Pearson&#8217;s correlation analysis showed no statistically significant association between ACR and the studied variables, except for a significant positive correlation with urinary microalbumin (r=0.636, P &lt; 0.001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;The study concluded that the urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR) is a sensitive biomarker that outperforms conventional kidney function tests in the early detection of hypertensive kidney damage. Therefore, incorporating ACR testing into the routine follow-up protocol for patients with hypertension is recommended to facilitate early intervention and prevent progression to advanced stages of kidney failure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords: Hypertension; Urinary Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (ACR); Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD); Early Detection; Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a. \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 (ACR). \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 125 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0626 (91 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648 34 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0621) \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 30-65 \u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 (ACR) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0631 (eGFR). \u062d\u064f\u0644\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SPSS 28.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a p&lt;0.001\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 ACR \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 eGFR \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 p \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.001.&nbsp; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645&nbsp;&nbsp; ,p=0.045\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0635\u064f\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0642 ACR \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 75.8% \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c 24.2%\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 ACR \u0648\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 r=0.636,p&lt;0.001))\u060c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0644\u064f\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 ACR \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0641\u062d\u0635 ACR \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/10uBnI-e6F8eCqntC3Ea8MrpBmhFOT_rX\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"5180\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract Hypertension is one of the major global health challenges and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Conventional kidney function biomarkers, such as serum urea and creatinine, are limited in their ability to detect renal impairment during the early stages of kidney damage. Therefore, this study aimed to predict early kidney damage using &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[166],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-166"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5180"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5181,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5180\/revisions\/5181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}