{"id":5381,"date":"2026-10-03T08:26:43","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T08:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=5381"},"modified":"2026-10-03T08:26:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T08:26:44","slug":"misrata-in-the-second-abbasid-era-232-334-ah-847-946-ceagricultural-and-commercial-activity-and-the-formation-of-the-economic-structure-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%87-%d9%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/?p=5381","title":{"rendered":"Misrata in the Second Abbasid Era (232\u2013334 AH \/ 847\u2013946 CE):Agricultural and Commercial Activity and the Formation of the Economic Structure \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (232 &#8211; 334\u0647\u0640\/847 &#8211; 946\u0645):\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;<strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This study examines agricultural and commercial activities and the formation of the economic structure in Misrata during the Second Abbasid Era (232\u2013334 AH \/ 847\u2013946 CE), within the context of the transformations experienced by Libyan regions as part of the economic sphere of Ifriqiya and the Islamic Maghreb. The study addresses the nature of economic activity in the Misrata region during this period, exploring how its agricultural resources, geographical location, and trade connections shaped patterns of livelihood and exchange. It aims to re-examine available historical and geographical data to reveal the nature of agricultural production, water resources, crop diversity, and the interplay between agriculture and pastoralism. Additionally, it traces aspects of commercial activity\u2014including the movement of goods, exchange mechanisms, markets, weights and measures, currency and money changing &#8211; and the region&#8217;s links to coastal and trans-Saharan trade networks. The study employs an analytical historical methodology, critically evaluating and comparing geographical and historical accounts and correlating textual evidence with economic and geographical data, while distinguishing between facts directly confirmed by sources and inferences drawn from the regional context. The findings reveal that Misrata\u2019s economic activity was not defined by a single function; rather, it emerged from the interaction of agriculture, pastoralism, trade, and the movement of goods within a network of relationships connecting the region to its coastal and hinterland surroundings, as well as to trade routes leading to Fezzan, Zuwayla, and the Sahara. The study further demonstrates that understanding Misrata\u2019s economy during the Second Abbasid period requires moving beyond conceptions that presuppose the existence of specialized economic institutions in their later forms; instead, the economic structure should be viewed as the outcome of the interaction between local resources and regional exchange dynamics. Thus, the study contributes to reconstructing an aspect of Misrata\u2019s early economic history and highlights its position within the economic activity of the Tripolitania region and the exchange networks of the Islamic Maghreb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Keywords: Misrata \u2013 Second Abbasid Period \u2013 Agriculture \u2013 Trade \u2013 Economic History \u2013 Exchange Networks..<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a &#8211; \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Iyada Ashour Harhour<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>&nbsp;\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0631&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Faculty of Arts \u2013 Al-Asmariya University \u2013 Libya&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">E.mail:<a href=\"mailto:aiyadaharhour@gmail.com\"><strong><em>aiyadaharhour@gmail.com<\/em><\/strong><em><br><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"review_wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t<div id=\"review-box\" class=\"review-box review-bottom review-stars\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-summary\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-final-score\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span title=\"\" class=\"post-large-rate stars-large\"><span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4><\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"review-short-summary\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1nbzEawE_rvnzCJFALNyqekcE38eBhcaX\/view?usp=drive_link\" class=\"taq-button taq-medium taq-square taq-flat\" style=\"background-color:#a0ce4e\" target=\"_blank\"><i class=\"fa fa-download\"><\/i><span class=\"button-text\">Download<\/span><\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"user-rate-wrap\">\r\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rating-text\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646: <\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"taq-score\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<small>\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 !<\/small>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div data-rate=\"0\" data-id=\"5381\" class=\"user-rate taq-user-rate-active\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"user-rate-image post-large-rate stars-large\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"width:0%\"><\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"taq-clear\"><\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;Abstract: This study examines agricultural and commercial activities and the formation of the economic structure in Misrata during the Second Abbasid Era (232\u2013334 AH \/ 847\u2013946 CE), within the context of the transformations experienced by Libyan regions as part of the economic sphere of Ifriqiya and the Islamic Maghreb. The study addresses the nature of &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-168"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5381"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5381\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5382,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5381\/revisions\/5382"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/journal.ziu.edu.sy\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}